Review Of Literature On Diabetes Mellitus

Methods: The literature search (MEDLINE and Web of Science) identified prospective studies (cohorts or trials) that associated dietary patterns with diabetes incidence in nondiabetic and apparently healthy participants.We summarized evidence by meta-analyses and distinguished different methodologic approaches.These patterns were characterized by high intakes of refined grains, sugar-sweetened soft drinks, and processed meat and were all significantly associated with diabetes risk.

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Exploratory dietary patterns were grouped based on concordant food groups and were significantly associated with diabetes risk despite single-component foods having limited evidence for an association.

Still, they remain population-specific observations. Consistent positive associations with diabetes risk were observed for 3 RRR patterns.

We covered 4 thematic areas (dietary habits and patterns, a priori and a posteriori statistical approaches to generate dietary patterns, type 2 diabetes, and prospective design of the studies) with several selected search strings (). Reference lists of articles were screened for further relevant articles.

A hierarchical approach was applied for assessing the relevance of the studies.

Furthermore, gestational diabetes or type 1 diabetes was not considered.

Studies restricted to patients with diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, or other chronic diseases were excluded as well.

To address this problem, the investigation of dietary patterns (DPs) has emerged as a complementary approach.

DPs can be derived from food consumption data by several approaches in observational studies (2, 3).

Background: Different methodologic approaches for constructing dietary patterns and differences in their composition limit conclusions on healthful patterns for diabetes prevention.

Objective: We summarized evidence from prospective studies that examined associations of dietary patterns with type 2 diabetes by considering different methodologic approaches.